Disciplines / Research questions
物理学
691 个研究主题 · 2739 个问题
弱束缚原子核与连续态3 个问题
Self-consistent complex mean field and Berggren completeness for continuum-coupled single-nucleon overlap functions in weakly bound nuclei
未解决约 19 年The low-energy BBe cross section and the near-threshold states of C: constraining the predicted continuum-coupling enhancement
未解决约 3 年Continuum coupling of weakly bound states in nuclear lattice effective field theory: from the schematic fixed-dimer three-particle model to the full three-body system
未解决约 6 年
弱引力透镜宇宙学6 个问题
Systematics-inclusive shear-domain field-level simulation-based inference for Stage-IV weak lensing surveys
未解决不足 1 年Recovering the initial Gaussian information content of the large-scale structure from weak-lensing observables: higher-order statistics, nonlinear transforms, super-sample modes, and survey design
未解决约 12 年Calibrating baryonic effects for Stage-IV cosmic shear: which observables, depths, and systematic controls suffice to recover unbiased cosmological constraints
未解决约 1 年Robustness of weak-lensing minima and combined peak–minimum statistics for Stage-IV cosmology: joint baryonic-feedback and intrinsic-alignment mitigation
未解决约 6 年Calibration of tomographic source redshift distributions and systematics control for cosmic shear constraints on
未解决约 10 年Origin of the anomalous intrinsic-alignment and goodness-of-fit signals in the DECADE NGC weak-lensing data
未解决约 1 年
三角格 Potts 模型2 个问题
三角格三自旋模型3 个问题
Crossover structure and universality along the transition line of the two-dimensional dilute (spin-1) Baxter-Wu model
未解决约 44 年Tricritical point of the Baxter–Wu model in a transverse magnetic field: location, critical exponents, and universality class
未解决约 12 年Open phase-structure questions for the two-dimensional Baxter–Wu model in a uniform longitudinal magnetic field
三角格自对偶变换3 个问题
Exact critical surfaces for inhomogeneous bond percolation: the five-bond bow-tie manifold and the exactly solvable class
未解决约 18 年Exact critical manifold of the five-probability inhomogeneous bow-tie lattice: full-domain proof and rigorous foundation of the negative-probability balancing construction
未解决约 18 年Order and location of the self-dual phase transition in the three-body random-cluster model on the triangular lattice
未解决约 21 年
三十二顶点模型3 个问题
Necessary and sufficient criterion for reentrant paramagnetic phases in frustrated spin systems
未解决约 38 年Completing the solvability–simulability correspondence between classical spin models and quantum circuits: integrability, approximate solutions, positive Boltzmann weights, and non-unitary circuits
未解决约 18 年Monopole-controlled phase structure of exactly solvable 3D quantum vertex models away from the Rokhsar–Kivelson manifold
三维 Ising 精确解未解问题2 个问题
三维多体模型的精确解9 个问题
Integrability, excited states, and the role of three-body terms in parent Hamiltonians of Jastrow wavefunctions beyond one dimension
未解决约 5 年D-finiteness and exact closed-form representability of the three-dimensional Ising partition function: joint satisfiability of the six necessary conditions
未解决约 82 年Completing the exact-solvability program for the quantum-dilogarithm integrable 3D lattice models of Bazhanov, Kashaev, Mangazeev and Sergeev
未解决不足 1 年Four-body extension of the exact two-body-T-matrix integral-equation formulation of the Coulomb few-body problem
未解决约 9 年Open analytic problems in the mutual-distance (angle-independent) reduction of the quantum three-body problem: polynomial spectral theory, self-adjointness, and unequal-mass (quasi)-exact solvability
未解决约 9 年Integrability and characterization of three-dimensional lattice models from state-integral solutions of the bicolored tetrahedron equation
未解决不足 1 年Zero-field S=1/2 quantum phase diagram of the pyrochlore-derived 3D Shastry-Sutherland lattice below the exact dimer boundary
未解决约 1 年Exact finite-size Ising partition functions and energy-degeneracy multiplicities for uniform two-dimensional lattices in a field and three-dimensional lattices
未解决约 82 年Fermionic distance-only eigenstates and completeness of the algebraic spectrum for the quantum three-body problem in the space of relative distances
未解决约 9 年
三维关联函数问题2 个问题
Solving the exact self-consistency equations of the partial-contraction formulation of the three-dimensional Ising model: constrained correlations, order parameter, and critical exponents
Solving the exact closed self-consistency system for the nearest-neighbour correlations of the three-dimensional Ising model
三维局域一致性2 个问题
三维热力学闭合问题1 个问题
三维正 Boltzmann 权重问题4 个问题
Positive Boltzmann weights and three-dimensional solvable lattice models from Clifford-algebra tetrahedron-equation solutions
Foundations of tetrahedron-equation solutions from state integral models: analytic justification of the degenerate four-parameter limit, the transpose pentagon property, and the relation to other quantum-dilogarithm constructions
Algebraic foundations of the quantum-dilogarithm integrable lattice models in three dimensions: proof of the Zamolodchikov tetrahedron equation, structural characterization, and the quasi-classical circular-lattice limit
Exact solution of the Mangazeev–Bazhanov–Sergeev positive-weight 3D integrable lattice model: convergence of the partition function and rank-size duality of the Bethe Ansatz
三子格有序4 个问题
Open issues in the singular ferromagnetic susceptibility of the transverse-field Ising antiferromagnet on the triangular lattice
Complete characterization of the -parafermionic multicritical threshold for melting three-sublattice order in triangular-lattice -- Ising antiferromagnets
Universal critical theory of the multicritical point connecting two-step and Potts-Ising melting of three-sublattice order in easy-axis triangular and kagome lattice antiferromagnets
Analytic renormalization-group characterization of the self-dual generalized Baxter-Wu models: marginal-field dependence on coupling asymmetry and the q-dependent electric-charge fugacity
删除—收缩关系2 个问题
什么是湍流世纪难题?5 个问题
Uniqueness of weak solutions and the equality structure of the turbulent kinetic energy balance for the NS-TKE model
未解决约 12 年Do stress-transport turbulence closures give systematic predictive or computational advantages over eddy-viscosity two-equation models in complex flows?
未解决约 21 年Rigorous dual-stability theory for high-Reynolds-number turbulent flow: explaining moderate adjoint stability factors and guaranteeing output accuracy in CFD
未解决约 22 年Well-posedness of the exterior boundary-value problem for RANS equations coupled with two-equation turbulence models
未解决约 5 年Symmetry-invariant, regime-general data-driven subgrid-scale stress closures for large-eddy simulation
未解决约 7 年
渗流极限3 个问题
Rigorous exact critical manifolds for inhomogeneous bond percolation: the five-bond bow-tie formula and the scope of multilinear critical surfaces
Exact four-spin correlation functions, cluster-connectivity conformal blocks, and the spin-operator algebra of two-dimensional critical percolation
未解决约 10 年Rigorous foundations and Q=4 finite-size corrections for the four-point boundary FK-connectivity ratio in the critical two-dimensional Q-state Potts model
未解决约 8 年
生物分子进化的定量描述10 个问题
Can protein-coordination constraints on thermal evolution quantitatively explain the slow macroevolutionary rates of vertebrate body temperature?
未解决不足 1 年Extending the antibody-library selection-response index to evolvability: quantifying the response to successive cycles of selection and mutation
未解决约 5 年Mechanistic origins of the information-theoretic signatures of proteome sequence ensembles
未解决不足 1 年How much of functional protein sequence space has life on Earth explored?
未解决约 56 年The quantitative mapping from amino-acid physicochemical distances to fitness effects and codon substitution rates, and its domain of validity across selection regimes
未解决约 52 年Crossover between neutral and strong-selection scaling of evolutionary path statistics on fitness landscapes
未解决约 11 年Quantifying ensemble-induced epistasis and its limit on evolutionary predictability in real proteins
未解决约 8 年Robustness and physical grounding of the assembly-theory quantification of selection in natural-product chemical space: mechanistic constraints, database dependence, and the generality of the exploration parameter β
未解决约 2 年Are the excess molecular-clock violations in protein-structure evolution driven by positive (diversifying) selection or by relaxation of purifying selection? A calibrated attribution problem
未解决约 7 年Generalizing the integrated life-history model of the protein molecular clock: broader taxa, fossil-calibrated ancestral generation times, and an integrated functional theory of protein evolution
未解决约 1 年
生物膜组织和微脂筏的形成6 个问题
Thermodynamic classification of raft-component co-accumulations in GM1/cholesterol/sphingomyelin membranes: phases, condensed complexes, or nonideal mixing?
未解决约 10 年Ordered lipid nanodomains at physiological temperature: do they exist in intact living-cell plasma membranes, and why do they remain nanoscopic?
未解决约 29 年Molecular mechanisms of action of small-molecule modulators of lipid raft stability and protein-raft partitioning
未解决约 1 年Formation mechanism and kinetics of sphingomyelin/cholesterol-associated fluid-disordered nanodomains in nominally homogeneous DOPC/sphingomyelin/cholesterol membranes
未解决约 9 年Nanoscale structural and mechanistic basis of the lipid raft self-assembly inferred from coupled membrane-phase and lipid-diffusion measurements in living breast cancer cells
未解决约 6 年Quantifying lipid scrambling in giant plasma membrane vesicles and identifying the dominant factors of interleaflet coupling in complex asymmetric membranes
未解决约 1 年
声波在岩石中的传播2 个问题
Domain of validity of the phonon-momentum mechanism for elastic wave propagation in porous rocks: universality of the damping constant and extension beyond fully saturated Wyllie-type media
未解决约 15 年Effective stress coefficients and hydraulic-aperture encoding for elastic-wave signatures of fractured rock
未解决约 5 年
声孔效应的物理模型5 个问题
Mechanism and reversibility of microbubble-mediated sonoporation: the membrane-structural basis of transient permeabilization by oscillating ultrasound contrast agents
未解决约 20 年Quantitative mechanism and predictive scaling of single-cell membrane poration by tandem-bubble microjets
未解决约 16 年Generalized rupture-regime and damage-threshold map for laser-induced cavitation bubbles interacting with thin elastic membranes
未解决约 11 年Controlled microbubble oscillation regimes for reproducible threshold-shear-stress sonoporation and the endothelial consequences of microsecond shear stimuli
未解决约 10 年Experimental validation and refinement of the wound-and-transport model for site-specific sonoporation: resealing kinetics, nano-pore size distribution, cytoskeletal constraints, and cargo-size-dependent uptake
未解决约 15 年
声逆散射问题7 个问题
Rigorous foundation for trace-formula inversion of layered acoustic media with attenuation and nonsmooth profiles
未解决约 18 年Stability of the multifrequency inverse medium problem in two and three dimensions
未解决约 6 年A quantitative regularization theory for the nonsymmetric generalized linear sampling method with limited-aperture scattering data
未解决约 9 年Completing the rigorous high-frequency bridge from inverse Helmholtz scattering with beam (Husimi) data to inverse Liouville scattering for general refractive indices
未解决约 4 年Single-incident-wave uniqueness for inverse scattering by an impedance obstacle (the impedance case of the Schiffer problem)
未解决约 59 年Rigorous uniqueness, stability, and reconstruction theory for inverse acoustic scattering from multi-frequency sparse backscattering far-field data
未解决约 7 年Justified sampling-type reconstruction of a globally (non-locally) rough penetrable interface from near-field scattering data
未解决约 6 年
声学斗篷的隐身机理和物理实现5 个问题
Robustness and physical realization of Fabry-Pérot-resonance perfect acoustic undetectability
未解决约 8 年Finite-mass perfect inertial acoustic cloaking: must exact zero scattering force the inner-boundary density singularity?
未解决约 10 年Physical realization of real-time broadband active acoustic cloaking and illusions in three dimensions
未解决约 5 年Realizing the Pendry–Li acoustic metafluid: robust and manufacturable broadband acoustic cloaks from fluid-permeated composites
未解决约 17 年Shear-wave resonances and the operational bandwidth of acoustic cloaks built from attainable materials
未解决约 16 年
声致发光的发光机制7 个问题
Dominant light source in single-bubble sonoluminescence: verifying the ionized water-shell radiator, its recombination emission, and nonequilibrium ionization
未解决约 9 年Mechanism and parameter dependence of the electric-field-affected orange water-molecular emission from acoustic cavitation bubbles in water
未解决约 8 年Is single-bubble sonoluminescence attainable as Dicke superradiance? Ultrastrong-coupling feasibility and nonequilibrium cooperative emission in a collapsing bubble
未解决约 28 年Origin of the anomalous near-0.3 μm spectral peak of xenon-bubble single-bubble sonoluminescence and robustness of the radiative-mechanism regime map in water
未解决约 31 年Experimental validation of the interfacial-polarization liquid-breakdown mechanism of sonoluminescence: does a collapsing bubble ignite a second, liquid-side light source?
未解决约 18 年Analog-curvature parametric resonance as a sonoluminescence mechanism: first-principles ultraviolet-band spectrum, parameter dependence, and experimental discriminants
未解决约 2 年First-Principles Ionization Equilibrium and Ionization-Potential Lowering in the Dense Plasma at Sonoluminescence Collapse
未解决约 12 年
声子热传导的微观机制及低维材料的热传导规律10 个问题
Mode-resolved phonon mean free paths and scattering channels in low-dimensional heat conductors: the low-frequency asymptotics of the ballistic-to-diffusive crossover
未解决约 21 年Dimensional crossover of in-plane thermal transport in few-layer graphene: intrinsic layer-number dependence, structural condition, and quantitative theory
未解决约 16 年The room-temperature phonon hydrodynamic window of graphene: regimes where second-sound heat transport persists against momentum-relaxing scattering
未解决约 11 年Mechanism by which grain boundaries suppress thermal-conductivity divergence in strained two-dimensional momentum-conserving systems, and the asymptotic behavior of the thermal conductivity of strained pristine graphene
未解决约 1 年Predictive separation and control of coherent (wave-like) versus incoherent (particle-like) thermal phonon transport in semiconductor nanostructures
未解决约 26 年Length Divergence or Convergence of the In-Plane Thermal Conductivity of Suspended Monolayer Graphene beyond ~10 Micrometers
未解决约 12 年Nonlocal hydrodynamic phonon transport in two-dimensional materials: first-principles validation and experimental observation of the Guyer–Krumhansl phenomenology
未解决约 8 年Open questions in optomechanical thermal-transport measurements of two-dimensional-material monolayers: interface resistance, room-temperature thermodynamics, phonon hydrodynamics, and the size divergence of thermal conductivity
未解决约 7 年Origin and asymptotic limit of the logarithmic length dependence of the thermal conductivity of suspended single-layer graphene
未解决约 12 年The fate of the flexural phonon dispersion and the classification of drifting and driftless second sound in two-dimensional materials
未解决约 18 年
失踪的超新星遗迹5 个问题
The missing nearby supernova remnant: discrete nearby sources and the origin of the local cosmic-ray proton spectrum below 100 TeV
未解决约 20 年The missing Galactic supernova remnants: reconciling the observed radio census of Milky Way supernova remnants with the expected population
未解决约 50 年What fraction of Galactic forbidden-velocity H I 21-cm wings (FVWs) are old, radio-faded supernova remnants?
未解决约 20 年The missing supernova remnant population of M31: closing the census deficit between about 120 detected remnants and the 320–700 predicted
未解决约 1 年The missing supernova remnants of the inner Galactic fourth quadrant: confirming the candidate population and completing the census below previous surface-brightness limits
未解决约 13 年
时间反演对称性的实验检测——寻找原子固有的电偶极矩6 个问题
Reducing the electronic-structure uncertainties in P- and P,T-violating enhancement factors for LaO, LaS, and LuO
未解决约 2 年Unambiguous interpretation of the Hg electric dipole moment limit: the nuclear Schiff moment of Hg and residual experimental systematics
未解决约 38 年Open issues toward an authoritative electric dipole moment measurement of the 129Xe atom and its interpretation via the nuclear Schiff moment
未解决约 42 年Validation and completion of the AuX (gold–carbon-group) molecular platform for electron electric dipole moment searches: spectroscopy, spin–orbit loss channels, symmetry-violation sensitivity, and cooling
未解决约 2 年Quantitative atomic- and molecular-structure evaluation of the generalized P-, T-, and PT-odd polarizabilities proposed as symmetry-violation observables
未解决约 2 年Rigorous global extraction of particle-level CP-violating parameters from atomic and molecular EDM experiments: state-of-the-art nuclear structure, extended molecular systems, and the overdetermined measurement set
未解决约 2 年
是否存在描述原子核结构的统一模型?5 个问题
Grounding the nuclear energy density functional in ab initio calculations: deriving the surface, spin-orbit, and effective-mass terms, a local-density validity criterion, and quantified uncertainties
未解决约 5 年Open problem: converting the demonstrated rooting of the nuclear EDF method in ab initio PGCM-PT with MR-IMSRG-preprocessed Hamiltonians into a practical, error-controlled methodology with mean-field-like cost
未解决约 4 年Microscopic completion and quantitative validity domain of the unified shell–collective–cluster symmetry for multi-shell nuclear excitations
未解决约 12 年Microscopic foundation of the EDF-mapped interacting boson model: origin of the effective cubic three-boson term, configuration-mixing strengths, and boson effective charges
未解决约 13 年Turning the nuclear energy density functional method into a proper effective field theory: in-medium power counting and the treatment of self-bound nuclei
未解决约 7 年
手性起源与手性催化的本质8 个问题
Border conditions for spontaneous emergence of chirality in the allylboration of 1,2,3-triazolic aldehydes
未解决约 1 年Active Species and Quantitative Mechanism of the Soai Asymmetric Autocatalysis: Solution-Phase Speciation of the Pyrimidyl Zinc Alkoxide and the Origin of Enantiomeric-Excess Amplification
未解决约 30 年Mechanism, Spontaneous Chirality, and Scope of Asymmetric Amplifying Autocatalysis in the Reduction of 3-Acetylpyridine with Dicyclopentylzinc
未解决约 2 年Analytical field theory for the onset of homochirality in the coupled reaction–flocking model of Hoffmann and Giomi
未解决约 3 年Mechanism of enantiomeric-excess amplification in the Soai reaction: solution speciation of zinc-alkoxide oligomers and its coupling to enantioselective catalysis
未解决约 17 年Chiral symmetry breaking in large peptide systems: scaling of the abundance–similarity windows and the cooperative-channel mechanism beyond the length-3 truncated model
未解决约 5 年Quantitative mechanism, predictive limits, and biomolecular relevance of electrostatics-driven chiral recognition and selection in macroion self-assembly
未解决约 11 年Experimental verification of chiral purification at low water activity by hydrophobic-core peptides
未解决约 9 年
手性原子核是否存在?5 个问题
Onset conditions for static chirality in triaxial nuclei: mapping the boundary between fluctuation-dominated and static-chiral regimes in the A≈100 and A≈130 regions
未解决约 21 年Quantal dynamics of multiple chirality in Rh: tunneling, partner-band energy splitting, and the experimental test of the predicted positive-parity chiral band
未解决约 9 年Unambiguous identification and characterization of chiral doublet bands in triaxial nuclei: distinguishing static chirality, chiral vibration, and non-chiral alternatives
未解决约 25 年γ softness and the stability of nuclear chiral geometry: a quantal, beyond-mean-field theory of chirality in soft triaxial nuclei (the paradigm)
未解决约 19 年Static quadrupole moments of nuclear chiral doublet bands: experimental test and generality of a criterion for distinguishing chiral vibration from static chirality
未解决约 6 年
手征 Potts 模型3 个问题
The generalized order parameter function of the solvable chiral Potts model for arbitrary rapidities
Establishing the Huse–Fisher chiral universality class of the three-state chiral Potts model with real chirality
Complete finite-size eigenvalue spectrum of the homogeneous N-state chiral Potts transfer matrix beyond the superintegrable point
手征 Potts 序参量2 个问题
Homogeneous and thermodynamic limits of the chiral Potts form-factor determinants: first-principles proof of the order parameter of the general homogeneous chiral Potts model
Finite-separation pair correlations of the integrable chiral Potts model: non-maximal eigenvector overlaps in the superintegrable spectral sum
手征 Potts 自由能3 个问题
Commuting Baxter Q-operator and completeness of Bethe equations for the -model in general cyclic representations
Closed form and analytic structure of the generalized order-parameter function of the chiral Potts model for arbitrary rapidities
Modular expansion and arithmetic special values of the chiral Potts integral
束缚态极点2 个问题
Analytic optimal amplitudes and the unidentified integrable solutions in the two-dimensional charged S-matrix bootstrap
Multi-loop Landau singularities in simply-laced affine Toda theories: completing the Laurent coefficients {a_p, b_p} at higher-order S-matrix poles and proving the network-cancellation mechanism
双复纤维的性能表征及反射率的计算5 个问题
Validity limits of skin-effect-renormalized homogenization for the microwave dielectric response of conductive-fiber shielding composites
未解决约 10 年Quantitative geometry-to-absorption model and the simulation-measurement discrepancy for periodic-hole EVA/polycrystalline-iron-fiber microwave absorbers
未解决约 8 年A validated microstructure-to-electromagnetic predictive framework for carbonyl-iron-fiber-filled foam absorbers across centimeter and millimeter waves
未解决约 17 年Quantitative separation of Fe4N-interface, particle-size, and packing-density contributions to the electromagnetic response of electrospun Fe@Fe4N/amorphous-carbon submicron-fiber microwave absorbers
未解决约 6 年Closed-form design relations and quality criteria for single-layer metal-backed microwave absorbers beyond the narrow-band, normal-incidence reflectivity minimum
未解决约 9 年