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    Disciplines / Research questions

    Information science

    54 research topics · 169 questions

    High-performance underwater sonar1 questions

    1. Quantifying environmental detection limits and false-alarm-controlled classification for buried targets in volumetric synthetic aperture sonar

    Terahertz pulse wavefront shaping3 questions

    1. Operating limits of flying-focus two-color terahertz generation: high drive power, focal ranges beyond the dephasing length, and scaled drivers

    2. Scaling limits of field-level terahertz spatiotemporal wave synthesis in random scattering media

    3. Full nonlinear-response tensor, microscopic efficiency mechanisms, and collective-enhancement limits of split-ring-resonator nonlinear metasurface terahertz emitters

    Terahertz biomolecular spectroscopy—a window into the mysteries of life2 questions

    1. Quantitative separation of biomolecular and hydration-water contributions in terahertz spectra of hydrated biomolecular systems

    2. Quantitative simulation and mode assignment of polarization-varying anisotropic terahertz microspectroscopy (PV-ATM) spectra of protein and RNA crystals

    Problems of improving photon energy utilization and conversion efficiency of solar cells3 questions

    1. Valley-matched carrier extraction for a practical hot-carrier (valley-photovoltaic) solar cell

    2. Completing the parameter map of the De Vos–Szymańska–Badescu down-conversion solar-cell model: non-radiative recombination, concentration, band-gap ordering, and non-ideal anti-reflection coatings

    3. Practical carrier multiplication for photovoltaics: can materials engineering make multiple electron-hole pairs per photon outcompete phonon cooling and Auger losses?

    Fundamental problems in network science4 questions

    1. Existence of equilibrium games and resistance to cascading attacks in networks

    2. Analytical theory of the stretched-exponential coverage law for multiple random walkers on scale-free networks

    3. Statistical and Computational Limits of Single-Community Search with Side Information in Stochastic Block Models

    4. Analytic tractability of generalized hypergeometric network ensembles: closed-form or scalable moments and null distributions for the multivariate Wallenius adjacency distribution under arbitrary dyadic propensities

    Optimization problems of network architecture3 questions

    1. Online, Multi-Layer, and Multi-Operator Extensions of the HSDRAN Hierarchical Software-Defined RAN Distributed Optimization Framework

    2. Submodularity of the placement value function in multi-dimensional VNF placement and resource allocation (multi-VPRA)

    3. Certifiable action-space compression and surrogate-guided search guarantees for deep reinforcement learning network topology optimization

    Sparse representation problems in microwave imaging1 questions

    1. Principled selection or learning of the sparsifying representation, sampling limits, and sampling design for compressed-sensing wideband near-field SAR imaging

    The nanoscale era of microelectronics7 questions

    1. Stable and reliable negative-capacitance gating in sub-10 nm ferroelectric Si junctionless transistors: robustness, process window, endurance, and model generalization

    2. Scaling limits and generality of asymmetrical metal-contact scaling in MoS2 field-effect transistors

    3. Generalizing the electrostatic scale-length theory of two-dimensional field-effect transistors beyond the subthreshold zero-charge limit

    4. Robustness and experimental observability of giant resonant spin transfer torque in atomically thin magnetic bilayer tunnel junctions

    5. Memristive or capacitive? The physical origin of d.c. current spikes in sol-gel TiO₂ memristors and the missing quantitative memristor–capacitance device model

    6. Scaling analog on-chip unsupervised learning with multi-state memristive synapses to large, practical neuromorphic arrays (Serb et al. 2016 scaling agenda)

    7. Predictive modeling of resistance, capacitance, and delay in nanoscale on-chip interconnects (including alternative conductors) for routing and architecture design

    Precision control issues in micro-nano precision measuring instruments1 questions

    1. Sensor-integrated adaptive calibration of nanopositioning stages: sustaining 100-nanometer-class open-loop accuracy without continuous external metrology

    Control issues of micro-air vehicles5 questions

    1. Onboard power, sensing, and computation autonomy for sustained closed-loop flight of insect-scale flapping-wing microrobots

    2. Real-time full-envelope model predictive control of a highly flexible micro air vehicle: lateral-directional maneuverability versus passive gust rejection

    3. Stability, robustness, and systematic parameter selection for the intelligent S-plane controller for micro unmanned aerial vehicles

    4. Closed-Loop Controlled and Untethered Flight of Electromagnetically Actuated Insect-Scale Flapping-Wing Micro Robots

    5. Extending hybrid quaternion attitude control of an underactuated flapping-wing aerial vehicle to practical autonomy: aggressive regimes, onboard sensing, a priori tuning, energy benchmarking, and tailless configurations

    Future network switching mechanisms2 questions

    1. The safe operational envelope for bufferless optical packet switching versus electronic packet switching in delay-sensitive 5G networks

    2. Deployment-grade assessment of Segment Switching in single-buffer AWGR photonic HPC networks: device-level validation, robustness at scale, control-plane implementation, and buffering energy/cost trade-offs

    Dilute magnetic semiconductors—physical mechanisms of intrinsic magnetism?4 questions

    1. Microscopic mechanism of intrinsic room-temperature ferromagnetism in individual Co-doped ZnO dilute magnetic semiconductor nanostructures

    2. Apparent Curie temperature and nanoscale phase coexistence at the carrier-localization boundary of (Ga,Mn)As

    3. Origin and quantitative description of high-temperature intrinsic ferromagnetism in heavily Fe-doped GaAs layers

    4. Origin of room-temperature ferromagnetism in Cr-doped Cd1−x−y_{1-x-y}Mnx_xCry_yTe: mechanism and Cr charge states

    High-maneuverability autonomous flight control of rotorcraft robots2 questions

    1. Coupling learned aerodynamic dynamics with saturation-limited flight control: cascaded attitude-loop and actuation-constrained MPC interaction and extrapolation limits for Neural-Fly-style agile flight in strong winds

    2. Robustness margins for neural-augmented agile flight control: quantifying admissible control-dependent model discrepancy under Lipschitz-constrained neural feedback

    In vivo three-dimensional real-time detection and characterization of living cells1 questions

    1. Practical multiconjugate adaptive optics for high-resolution in vivo imaging inside thick, volumetrically scattering tissue

    Automatic discovery of knowledge5 questions

    1. Automatic Verification of Autonomous Scientific Discovery: Independent Re-Execution and Validation of AI-Generated Experimental Claims at Scale

    2. Open-domain automated hypothesis discovery in the natural sciences: jointly achieving novelty, validity, and reliable model-generated feedback beyond the TOMATO/MOOSE social-science setting

    3. Tractable faithful realization of the information-theoretic min–max objective in principle-guided multi-agent scientific discovery (the PiFlow objective–algorithm gap)

    4. A sound validation methodology for literature-based discovery: separating genuine new knowledge from already-public knowledge

    5. Completing the derivable-discovery loop: automated discovery of scientific laws from data under incomplete background theory, with abductive axiom repair, automated axiom acquisition, scalable reasoning, and integrated optimal experimental design (AI-Descartes open problems)

    Automatic programming: how to make computers automatically generate software from requirement specifications2 questions

    1. Modular system synthesis beyond bounded soundness: unbounded mechanically checked correctness, scalability, and flexible orchestration of synthesized implementations and implementation-agnostic specifications (the MOSS open problems)

    2. Witness-producing model-based projections for SMT synthesis with uncomputable symbols beyond EUF and linear arithmetic

    Natural language processing8 questions

    1. A sharp criterion for criticality in probabilistic context-free grammars: which grammars produce power-law mutual-information decay?

    2. Robust anaphora and coreference resolution within logical-form representations in neural semantic parsing for task-oriented dialogue

    3. Correct translation of idiomatic and non-compositional expressions by neural machine translation: targeted resources and mechanisms to close the figurative-language gap

    4. Faithful and scalable process verification of full chain-of-thought reasoning in domains without deterministic verifiers

    5. Can think tokens bridge the complexity gap? A rigorous complexity-theoretic account of reasoning models' ability to exceed per-inference transformer computation

    6. Sufficiency of standard pretraining objectives for genuine, generalizable logical reasoning in large language models

    7. Does tag-based structured-reasoning training help or harm non-reasoning tasks? Generality of MAX-Flow and LCS reward fine-tuning beyond reasoning domains

    8. Sound Extension of the Predicate-Enumeration-Aggregation (PEA) Framework Beyond Finite Domains

    The mystery of Fermat's principle5 questions

    1. Extending Fermat's principle of least time for ray refraction at uniformly moving interfaces: dispersive media, general incidence geometry, and interfaces between two uniformly moving media

    2. Fermat-type stationarity of closed light curves: extending the circular null-path/travel-time correspondence beyond stationary axisymmetric black-hole spacetimes

    3. Robustness of least-time dominance for the propagation amplitude of a finite-mass spin-0 particle at an interface between two media

    4. Equivalence of Fermat's principle and Snell's law in heterogeneous lossy anisotropic media

    5. Cumulative growth and observability of QED vacuum-polarization corrections to light propagation in curved spacetime (the pile-up problem of quantum gravitational optics)

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